Thursday, August 23, 2018

Productivity Improvement in Groundnut Cultivation





Vision India 2047
Productivity Improvement is an important activity in realizing the vision

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2018

Groundnut cultivation: Multiplying farm incomes in West Midnapore

11 April 2018
The groundnut cultivation package was  demonstrated by KVK, Midnapore in field demonstrations in 10 hectare area during rabi-summer season with TAG-24 variety. The farmers harvested 20 quintal/ha average yield with net return of Rs 25000/ha. The success prompted the KVK to conduct trials  during next kharif season where 12 quintal/ha and Rs 16000/ha net return could be realised.
https://www.ruralmarketing.in/industry/case-studies/groundnut-cultivation-multiplying-farm-incomes-in-west-midnapore

New Groundnut Varieties - ICGV 91114 (Devi) and ICGV 00351


“Compared to the local groundnut variety, I earned INR 2,000-3,000  more per acre from the new improved variety ‘Devi’,”  Bhubaneswar Biswal, a farmer Kalahandi district in  Odisha, India.

Groundnut is an important cash crop for Odisha state. It is cultivated on about 280,000 ha

Machine for Threshing


Threshing, a post-harvest activity, involves separation of pods from the groundnut haulms. This key activity is facing shortage of labor availability during the peak season. To tackle this issue, ICRISAT introduced dry plant threshers in Ganjam and Bolangir districts of Odisha. The results from field trials indicate that  50% reduction in cost is achieved  compared to manual threshing.


Over a span of 6-7 hours, the machine can thresh two hectares of groundnut plant (about 3,500 kg). Small heaps of plants are dried by keeping plants upside down to ensure easy threshing. This practice also contributes to better quality pods as they are away from the soil during the drying process.  Based on this success,  the use of threshers will be promoted in  12 major groundnut-growing districts  of Odisha (Jajpur, Jagatsinghpur, Balasore, Kendrapara, Dhenkhanal, Gajapati, Puri, Cuttack, Naupada, Ganjam, Kalahandi, Bolangir) of Odisha.

In a recently conducted a one-day training program on ‘Opportunities for Mechanization of Groundnut Production in Odisha’,  Dr Pradhan from Farm and Implements Unit of the Orissa University of Agriculture Technology (OUAT) discussed the importance of using seed drills to ensure line planting to facilitate inter-cultural operations, plant diggers, decorticators and graders.

Reducing post-harvest loss of seeds


Generally groundnut seeds are prone to quality deterioration and damage due to improper storage. Purdue Improved Crop Storage (PICS)-based triple layer plastic bags can be used to store groundnut pods without loss of viability for a period of eight months.

“This cost-efficient environment-friendly technology can be used by farmers to save and reuse their own seeds for the next season. It helps regulate moisture content and insect activity. The PICS bags can not only protect the pod quality but also prevent aflatoxin contamination.

http://www.icrisat.org/new-groundnut-varieties-increase-profits-with-50-cost-reduction-and-better-post-harvest-management/

2017
IOPEPC Kharif-2017 Survey of Groundnut Crop
District wise productivity or yield per hectare estimates were the top five ground producing states are given in the report based on the opinions expressed by farmers in those districts
Indian Oilseeds and Produce Export Promotion Council
(Under Ministry of Commerce, Govt. of India)
78-79, Bajaj Bhawan, Nariman Point, Mumbai – 400 021
Email: info@iopepc.org
www.iopepc.org
http://www.iopepc.org/Groundnut%20Survey%20Report-Kharif%202017.pdf

Trends in Area Production and Productivity of Groundnut in
Uttar Pradesh: Future Business Implications
Chandra Mohan Misra
Senior Research Associate, Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow
International Journal of Business and Management Invention
ISSN (Online): 2319 – 8028, ISSN (Print): 2319 – 801X
www.ijbmi.org || Volume 6 Issue 2 || February. 2017 || PP—65-70
https://www.ijbmi.org/papers/Vol(6)2/I06026570.pdf

2016

Sowing Advisories - Digital Communication


Sowing advisories, such as the sowing date, land preparation, soil test based fertilizer application, and so on from ICRISAT and Microsoft.

“I have three acres of land and sowed groundnut based on the sowing recommendations provided through mobile phone.  My crops were harvested on October 28 last year, and the yield was about 1.35 ton per hectare.  Advisories provided for land preparation, sowing, and need-based plant protection proved to be very useful to me,”  Chinnavenkateswarlu, Farmer, Bairavanikunta village, Devanakonda Mandal in Kurnool district in AP.

He along with the 174 others achieved an average of 30% higher yield per hectare.

Sowing date as such is very critical to ensure that farmers harvest a good crop and digital tools can first determine optimal date and then communicate it quickly and in a timely way to farmers.
https://news.microsoft.com/en-in/features/ai-agriculture-icrisat-upl-india/

Groundnut yield jumps 30% on use of digital farming practices
By Ashish Kulshrestha, ET Bureau|Updated: Jan 09, 2017
http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/56423815.cms



2013

A Survey on Area, Production and Productivity of Groundnut
Crop in India
Dr B. Madhusudhana
Department of Economics, S S B N Degree & PG College, Anantapuram – 515001, A.P
IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance (IOSR-JEF)
e-ISSN: 2321-5933, p-ISSN: 2321-5925.Volume 1, Issue 3 (Sep. – Oct. 2013), PP 01-07
http://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jef/papers/vol1-issue3/A0130107.pdf


India

Year  Area            Production      Productivity
     (000’hectaes)    (000’tonnes)    Per hectare
                                      (in kgs)

1996-97 7596              8643           1138
2007-08 6917              8216           1188
Annual
Average 6783.917          7249.167       1066.833
Source: Directorate of Economics and Statistics India, Various issues 2009.



About Ground Crop in India

Groundnut:

Groundnut is the most important oilseed of India and accounts for a little less than half of the major oilseeds produced in the country.

Conditions of Growth:

It thrives best in the tropical climate and requires 20°-30°C temperature and 50-75 cm rainfall. Isohyet of 100 cm marks the upper limit of groundnut cultivation. It is highly susceptible to frost, prolonged drought, continuous rain and stagnant water.

Dry winter is needed at the time of ripening. It can be grown both as a kharif and as a rabi crop but 91 per cent of the total area under groundnut is devoted to kharif crop. Well drained light sandy loams, loams, red, yellow and black cotton soils are well suited for its cultivation.

Production and Distribution:

India is the largest producer of groundnut in the world and accounts for about one-third of the world’s production. There had been almost 150 per cent increase in the production of groundnut from 34.8 lakh tonnes in 1950-51 to a record production of 85.6 lakh tonnes in 1992-93.

 Production fell from 70.28 lakh tonnes in 2001-02 to 43.63 lakh tonnes in 2002-03 due to failure of monsoon rainfall in 2002-03.

Gujarat, Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh are the three main producers. These three states together account for over 65 per cent of total production of India. Gujarat is the largest producer contributing over 25 per cent of India’s total production.

Tamil Nadu is the second largest producer accounting for over 22 per cent of the total groundnut produced in India.

Andhra Pradesh is the third largest producer of groundnut in India and accounts for over 18 per cent of India’s total production. About 50 per cent of the state’s production comes from Chittoor, Kurnool and Anantpur districts, though other districts also produce sufficient groundnut.



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